History: Abraham, Father of Three Faiths
November 17th, 2010By Kelly Monroe Kullberg and David Kullberg
Though their antecedents are rarely explored in the evening news, present
tensions in the Middle East are rooted in a family story that is more than
four thousand years old. This drama begins with Abraham, a model of faith
and a father to Muslims, Jews, and Christians. Muslims learn about Abraham
through the Qur’an (Koran) of Islam. Jews and Christians learn about
Abraham through what the Jews call the Torah and Christians call the Old
Testament, beginning in Genesis.1
The first chapters of Genesis shed light on some basic questions — our
origins and purpose, why we fight, why we die, and how we live meaningfully.
We find glory, beauty, love, deception, shame, blame, punishment, sibling
rivalry, murder, expulsion — all in the first four chapters of Genesis. Before
long, God grieved the sin among his people and re-created the world through
a flood, a baptism, if you will. As author Madeleine L’Engle suggested, “The
flood was God’s tears.”2 But God found one righ teous family, Noah’s, through
which he rebirthed a freshly storied world.
From Genesis 10 on, the focus of Scripture is on covenant relationships. In
the context of cultural confusion in ancient Babel, where men were building
a great city for personal glory, the Lord not only separated people through
unique languages, he also planted the seed of a remarkable people who were
asked to reject idolatry and live in love. Like us, these were fallible and three dimensional
people, making Genesis a vivid, candid, R-rated page-turner.
Through it all God was faithful, and over many generations the seed grew
into a life-giving tree. Any person could be grafted into that tree, not by
fortune of lineage or wealth but simply by faith in God and in his promised
Messiah. God begins with a remarkable father and mother, a patriarch and
matriarch. Abram and Sarai (whom God renamed Abraham and Sarah) were
citizens of Ur, a great center of ancient Mesopotamia. And the Lord said to
Abraham, “Go from your country, your people and your father’s household
to the land I will show you. I will make you into a great nation” (Genesis
12:1 – 2).
Muslims honor Abraham as the first monotheist, worshiper of the one
true God they call Allah. Muslims trace their heritage through Abraham and
Hagar, the servant who was Sarah’s childbearing surrogate, and their son,
Ishmael (Abraham’s firstborn child). Muslims prize the promise God made
to Hagar when she was abandoned in the wilderness: “Lift the boy [Ishmael]
up and take him by the hand, for I will make him into a great nation” (Genesis
21:18). Indeed, Ishmael was blessed with life and progeny, for he had twelve
sons, and his numbers quickly grew.
Jews and Christians trace their lineage through the son God promised
Sarah and Abraham — Isaac, the miraculously conceived son of the free
woman, through whom God would foreshadow and fulfill his covenant promises.
Isaac’s son Jacob then bore twelve sons, whose descendants became the
twelve tribes of Israel.
The account of Abraham and Sarah continues the theme of God’s covenant
(beginning with Noah) to one particular family. The Lord said to Abraham,
I will bless those who bless you, and whoever curses you I will curse; and all
peoples on earth will be blessed through you.
GENESIS 12:3
I am God Almighty; walk before me faithfully and be blameless. . . . I will make
you very fruitful; I will make nations of you, and kings will come from you.
GENESIS 17:1, 6
The branches of this family tree would be known by their fruit. They
would, as a way of life, turn curses into blessings. Joseph, son of Jacob, grandson
of Isaac, converted the curse of exile into blessing: not only did Joseph
save his own brothers who’d sold him into slavery but he saved non-Jews as
well, including all of Egypt, from famine. The children of God would, and
will, become a blessing to the nations. “Thus there were fourteen generations
in all from Abraham to David, fourteen from David to the exile to Babylon,
and fourteen from the exile to the Messiah” (Matthew 1:17).
This shared respect for Abraham, with differing ideas of the past, present,
and future, makes the conflicts among Jews/Christians and Muslims — from 1
the medieval crusades to today’s Middle Eastern clashes — surprising on
one hand and understandable on the other. But embedded within the tension
there is also hope — that any cousin who so chooses will be present at the
family reunion.
For reflection and discussion
• How do you see this ancient story unfolding in our time?
• At the age of one hundred years, “Abraham gave the name Isaac to the
son Sarah bore him” (Genesis 21:3). Why do you think Abraham chose a
name that means, in Hebrew, “he laughs”? Sarah also laughed. Why?
The theme of Abrahamic covenant is so essential that the apostle Paul revisited
it two millennia later. In his letter to the Galatians, Paul tells Christfollowers
that they are not children of slavery but of freedom. In Galatians
3:26 – 28 and Galatians 5:1, he writes:
You are all children of God through faith, for all of you who were baptized into
Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ. There is neither Jew nor Gentile,
neither slave nor free, neither male nor female, for you are all one in Christ
Jesus. If you belong to Christ, then you are Abraham’s seed, and heirs according
to the promise. . . . It is for freedom that Christ has set us free. Stand firm,
then, and do not let yourselves be burdened again by a yoke of slavery.
• What is it to be a child of slavery? What is it to be a child of freedom and
the Spirit? How might people in freedom bless those in slavery?
• What resources have you been given to share as a blessing to another?
Reprinted from “A Faith and Culture Devotional”, copyright 2008, Kelly Monroe Kullberg and Lael Arrington.
The Faith and Culture Devotional contains over 100 daily readings in the subjects of Art, Science, and Life. It is written, edited by Kelly Monroe Kullberg and Lael Arrington and published by Zondervan, 2008.
It is available for purchase from Zondervan at www.zondervan.com or through The Cornerstone. The retail price is $16.99, Cornerstone’s regular price is $13.59 and currently there is a BSU student special price of only $10.00.
